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Au sein d’un processus de conception, le designer peut intervenir sur près de 80% des impacts environnementaux du produit ou service développé. Or, en matière de design durable, la Nature, forte de 3 milliards d'années d'expérience, est une source inépuisable d'inspiration pour les professionnels de la conception.
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LES SECRETS DE LA NATURE INSPIRENT L’ECO-DESIGN
Séminaire sur le Design biomimétique et durable
Cellule éco-conception UCM Bruxelles 7 octobre 2014
Sensibilisation
Accompagnements personnalisés aux PME brux.
Pour des solutions environnementales concrètes et économiquement réalistes
Gratuitement !
Exemples d’outils développés :
Application ECOHAIR
Stand éco-conçus
Bonnes pratiques…
Traduction et impression de l’Ecolizer 2.0
Implication AEE
La Cellule éco-conception UCM
Phase de réflexions design et de conception
100% 20 des
efforts
investis%
Imp
acts
en
viro
nn
em
en
tau
x
80%
Ch
oix
te
chn
iqu
es
(co
ûts
)
80%
Des
concepts
Des
idées
Source : Pôle éco-conception et management Cycle de vie
Une
solution
+
un
prototype
Des
produits
et des
services
finis
Des déchets
ou des
ressources ?
Interaction UCM - MAD - Promotion du projet Triaxes (interaction des compétences) - Travail commun sur l’AEE
Genèse du projet
Premier séminaire thématique septembre 2013 - Visée inspiratrice via exemples du vivant - Approche des Life’s principles comme clé
réflexive pour un design eco-responsable
Besoins exprimés : - Méthodologie concrète pour approcher le
vivant et employer ses principes - Exercices de manipulation des outils
disponibles - Exemples de réalisation humaine
biomimétiques
Timing Parties 10 Genèse du projet
5 Agenda et objectifs et avertissements
10 Whole System Design - intro
15 Whole System Design - Lovins house example
20 Exercice sur les systèmes
10 Eco design - le cycle de vie du produits
15 Eco design - forme
15 Eco design - matières
5 Résumé des outils
40 Exercice s/ un objet
30 Debrief exerice
5 Q&R
Introduction, objectifs, et avertissements
180 minutes
« Avertissement »
Public hétérogène et nous-même ne sommes pas designers – Vision de la conception au sens large
Idée première : Approfondir l’ambition du premier séminaire et répondre aux attentes exprimées
Méthodologie propre à caractère expérimental
Mise sur la participation et les retours :
en fin de séance (si le temps le permet)
au walking dinner
sur le questionnaire de satisfaction
I. WHOLE SYSTEM DESIGN
Operation Cats’ drop
Comprendre le système
Manque d’approche systémique
GES de la phase utilisation : 1400 kg CO2e GES phase production : 3.500 kg CO2e
Manque d’éco-conception
Dépasser l’éco-efficacité
Du cartésien à l’holistique ou
de la machine à l’organique Biosphère
Sphère Sociale
Economie
La vie est la propriété des planètes
Harold J. Morowitz
La cellule, plus petite entité vivante
La membrane, comme identité et
régulateur des liens avec l’extérieur
Panarchie des systèmes jusqu’aux planètes
The Whole Système Design – rmi.org
- Collaboration
- Goals
- Rewards
Source: www.rmi.org
Plantes « supérieures » ou aquariums ?
Coopération et innovation
« Life competes within a cooperative
framework »
7
see a
lso
card
s: CO-CREATE WITH
SUPPLIERS &
CLIENTS
Do we ask customers feedback on a
regular basis? De we collaborate
with suppliers to build a better
product or service together?
Could we invite our clients to help
us develop better products and
services? Could we create more
synergies, like a forest? Could we
tab into collaborative consumption?
create win-win situations for
all
bu
sin
ess m
od
el
&
org
an
isati
on
21
1
2
2
4
2
0
1
5
7
see a
lso
card
s:
BUILD A
COMMON
PURPOSE
Do all the people within our
organization positively associates
themselves with our values and
purpose? Do our suppliers share
our purpose?
Can we get our clients to subscribe
to our purpose? Could they help us
promote it? Could we work with
likeminded stakeholders to enlarge
our impact?
align with stakeholder in your
ecosystem to work towards
a shared purpose
22
1
2
2
7
2
8
2
1
bu
sin
ess m
od
el
&
org
an
isati
on
« Pour un organisme vivant, se
maintenir en vie s’appuie autant
sur sa capacité de reliance avec
ses voisins que sur celle de
croître et de se reproduire »
Tom Wakeford, « Liaisons of Life »
The Whole Système Design – rmi.org
- End-use
- Cause or purpose
- Time and space
- Constraints
Définir la fonction finale
7
see a
lso
card
s:
MULTI-
FUNCTIONALIT
Y
Does our product or service meets
multiple needs that our customers
have? Can it be transformed into
something else? Does our
packaging serves multiple
functions?
Could our distribution channels
serve different purposes? Could
we increase the impact of our
positive externalities? Could our
partners help?
meet multiple needs and fulfil
various functions with your
product or service
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
15
1
2
1
9
1
6
1
0
7
see a
lso
card
s:
SELL
FUNCTIONALITY
What are the functions you
deliver? Are we sure to solve a
true customer pain or bring a real
gain?
Could our product or service
deliver an additional customer
experience because it is more
sustainable? Could we improve
our positive environmental impact
by delivering a better service or
product?
first and foremost, satisfy a true
customer need
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
16
1
2
2
0
1
9
1
5
7
see a
lso
card
s:
CREATE MULTIPLE
REVENUE
STREAMS
What kind of ‘waste’ services or
products do we have that are not
given a commercial value at this
moment in time? Can we create a
new revenue stream out of these?
Can we find new customers
segment for these?
Could we ‘pay’ our suppliers with
our own services? Could we use our
excess time, space or capacity?
Who can help us?
create more revenue streams
using your resources,
knowhow and waste
bu
sin
ess m
od
el
&
org
an
isati
on
23
1
2
2
1
2
0
2
3
New revenue streams based on the
value of your waste will help you
SAVE COSTS.
Diversification in your revenue
streams will make you MORE
RESILIENT.
Scan this code to learn more about inspiring cases and dedicated tools
The Songhai farm is a training
center for agro entrepreneurs
which experiment a biomimetic
agriculture. Every activity
(chicken farm, farmed fishes,
vegetables, mushrooms,
honey, biogas,…) is linked to
another one in a system where
wastes are cascading from
one to another. The whole
system offers a diversity of
revenues which makes it
economically resilient.
The Songhai farm
Source: www.rmi.org
La forme est multi fonctionnelle
Source: www.rmi.org
La forme est multi fonctionnelle
Les superwindows sont multi bénéfiques
Source: www.rmi.org
Les superwindows sont multi bénéfiques
Source: www.rmi.org
Cost tunneling
Source: www.rmi.org
The Whole Système Design – rmi.org
- Clean sheet
- Cost tunneling
- Feedback
- Measured data Source: www.rmi.org
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
KEEP WATCH ON YOUR
(ECO)SYSTEM
Are we well informed about changes in our environment? New technologies? Changing customers preferences? Regulations? Do we understand its impacts? How could we better adapt and benefit from change? How could we better integrate the unexpected? Could we adapt faster through self-organisation?
creatively use and respond to change
bu
sin
ess
mo
de
l & o
rgan
isat
ion
27
12
21
26
28
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
DECENTRALISE INITIATIVES &
RESPONABILITIES
Do we stimulate self-organisation? Does our company stimulate bottom-up initiatives and creativity? Do we have a leadership style that fosters freedom and responsibility? Do we cultivate a culture of trust? Could we give more decision making powers to those closed to the problem? Could we make better use of collective intelligence?
empower collaborators to make decisions at local level
28
12
26
27
22
bu
sin
ess
mo
de
l & o
rgan
isat
ion
7
see a
lso
card
s:
WASTE =
VALUABLE
RESOURCE
Do we re-use our waste materials?
Is our waste of interest to
neighbouring companies? Do we
make our products out of recyclable
materials? Do we inform our
customers on how to recycle?
Could we build products on basis of
wasted resources? Could we up-
cycle? Could we make it easier for
customers to return used products?
Could we create a zero waste
business model and be part of the
circular economy?
waste does not exists; take a
circular approach
ma
teri
als
&
pro
ce
ss
es
7
1
2
5
2
6
7
see a
lso
card
s:
SUPPORT
BIODIVERSITY
Are we supporting biodiversity in
our direct environment? Are our
materials sourced with respect for
biodiversity? Do our resources
originate from monoculture? Do we
know our impact on biodiversity?
Could we communicate our impact
on biodiversity? Could we become
a company that restores and
improves biodiversity?
understand & manage your
impact on biodiversity
mate
rials
&
pro
cesses
8
1
2
2
6
9
4
7
see
als
o
ca
rds
:
MINIMIZE USE
OF ENERGY &
WATER
Do we know where most energy and
water is used in the life cycle of our
products? Do we monitor energy and
water usage in our activities?
Could we reduce our unit price to
customers through our savings?
Could we help our customers reduce
their water and energy usage? Could
we work with our partners to help
reduce theirs?
minimize the quantity of
energy & water used
anywhere in your ecosystem
ma
teri
als
&
pro
ce
ss
es
1
1
2
1
8
3
2
7
se
e a
lso
card
s:
RE-CYCLE
ENERGY &
WATER
Do we re-use our ‘waste’ energy
or water in-house? Do we have
an idea of how much we could re-
cycle?
Could our neighbouring
businesses or partners re-use it?
Could we use water in a closed
loop? Could we recover rain
water for a specific usage?
re-cycle your own or others’
excess energy & water
mate
rials
&
pro
cesses
2
1
2
4
2
1
1
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
ECOLOGICAL MATERIALS
Do we look for renewable alternatives for the materials we use? Do we look for material sources that are organic? Do we use water as primary solvent? Could our products be biodegradable? Could we use local ecological materials?
use biodegradable materials from renewable sources
mat
eri
als
& p
roce
sse
s 5
12
6
4
8
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
LOCAL SOURCING & SUPPLY
Do we consider locally sourced materials and resources? Could we favour local customers segments? Could offer complete transparency to our customers? Could we use local currencies for our products or services?
work with what is locally available
mat
eri
als
& p
roce
sse
s
6
12
9
1
21
Utiliser les principes du vivant;
Pour déterminer le système autour de
quatre objets suivants:
- Casque
- Vélo;
- Cuisine;
- Choix de votre table;
Proposez une innovation systémique et
Expliquez comment vous avez intégré les
principes du vivant.
Moment pratique :
II. Eco conception
Etapes du cycle de vie
Une démarche multi-étapes et multi-critères
Une démarche multi-étapes et multi-critères
Eutrophisation
Toxicité
Imp
ac
t
Consommation d’énergie non renouvelable
Consommation de ressources rares
Effet de Serre
Acidification
Ozone troposphérique
Ecotoxicité
Cri
tère
s d
’Im
pac
t
Etapes du Cycle de Vie
Matériaux renouvelables (32%) Sans matériaux dangereux (PVC, plomb, …).
Site certifié ISO 14001 Assemblage sans collage Peinture en poudre sans COV
Réduction poids / volume Emballage éco-conçu Fabrication à proximité clients / Trajets optimisés
Durabilité (fiable, solide, composant amovibles et remplaçables, …)
Séparabilité des matériaux facile Recyclage à 99% Pièces identifiées pour faciliter le tri
Exemple de la démarche
de
L’éco-conception – les formes
La forme est la fonction
La forme est la fonction > Plus avec moins
La peau du requin évite la résistance à l’eau et est anti bactérienne
Multifonctionnalité
7
see a
lso
card
s:
OPT FOR
TRANSPAREN
CY
Do we know the environmental
and social conditions under which
our resources are sourced and
produced?
Could we give total transparency
about our products to clients? Are
our materials conflict free?
build transparency in your
products and services &
demand traceable resources
from your suppliers
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
9
1
2
2
7
8
6
7
see a
lso
card
s:
DO MORE
WITH LESS
Can we achieve the same
function with less materials? Can
we use lighter materials? Can we
re-shape our product so it needs
less material?
Could we maybe replace our
products with a service ?
fit the form to the function
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
10
1
2
1
7
1
1
9
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
MINIMIZE USE OF ENERGY & WATER
Do we know where most energy and water is used in the life cycle of our products? Do we monitor energy and water usage in our activities? Could we reduce our unit price to customers through our savings? Could we help our customers reduce their water and energy usage? Could we work with our partners to help reduce theirs?
minimize the quantity of energy & water used anywhere in your
ecosystem
mat
eri
als
& p
roce
sse
s 1
12
18
3
2
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
RE-CYCLE ENERGY & WATER
Do we re-use our ‘waste’ energy or water in-house? Do we have an idea of how much we could re-cycle? Could our neighbouring businesses or partners re-use it? Could we use water in a closed loop? Could we recover rain water for a specific usage?
re-cycle your own or others’ excess energy & water
mat
eri
als
& p
roce
sse
s
2
12
4
21
1
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
USE RENEWABLE ENERGY
Do we buy renewable or carbon neutral energy from our energy supplier? Do we know much a renewable energy installation would cost? Could we invest in a renewable energy system? Could we cooperate with neighbouring companies to invest in a renewable energy system? What about our distribution channels?
use renewable or carbon neutral energy sources
mat
eri
als
& p
roce
sse
s 3
12
4
6
1
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
NO TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Do we avoid toxic substances in our products? Do we use non-toxic substances (cleaning products) in our activities? Do we comply with all relevant regulation to reduce risks and costs? Could we find water-based and organic alternatives for the toxic substances we use? Could our partners help us?
use water as a primary solvent for your products and activities
mat
eri
als
& p
roce
sse
s
4
12
8
5
9
7
see
als
o c
ard
s: THINK
PRODUCT-AS- A-SERVICE
What service is our product offering to our customers? Can we be a service company? Can we reduce environmental impact through better life cycle thinking? Could we offer a leasing service rather than selling our products outright? Does our offer actually reflects what our clients need/wants? Could we find an agreement with suppliers to lease assets from them?
satisfy the needs of your customer by selling the utility of
a product rather than the product itself
bu
sin
ess
mo
de
l & o
rgan
isat
ion
19
12
15
14
11
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
INNOVATE, FAIL & LEARN
How is our attitude towards making mistakes? Do we allow our mistakes to make better products and services? Do we give serendipity a change? Could we test our new idea's or initiative more easily in a friendly niche market? How can we receive feedback, faster, from our customers?
experiment continuously & select the fittest ideas
20
12
26
9
4
bu
sin
ess
mo
de
l & o
rgan
isat
ion
L’éco-conception
L’éco-conception – les matières
Production à t° et pression ambiante
Modified soy proteins perform similarly to byssal threads …
Providing Superior Strength and Extraordinary Flexibility
Pas de toxiques et l’eau est le solvant
Columbia Forest Products
PureBond Technology à base de soja,
sans formaldehyde.
Photo A. Tribollet
Matériaux locaux et abondants
Biomineralisation
Calcium carbonate precipitation with bacteria
Séquestration carbone bio assisté
Pict Marc from Broft
www.co2solstock.eu
Sequestering emissions from the
future… & the past
Growing forests won’t be sufficient
Séquestration carbone
Bactéries…
…avec arbre et
champignons … « seules »
Photosynthèse
Plancton
Calcaire
Mollusques
L’approche biomimétique
7
see a
lso
card
s:
OPT FOR
DISASSEMBLY
Do we design our products to be
easily disassembled into their
individual components at the end
of their life? Do we use as little
different kinds of materials as
possible?
Could we take back used
products or components for re-
manufacture (reverse logistics)?
Could our clients disassemble
and re-assemble our products?
design for easy disassembly
and think circular
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
11
1
2
1
2
7
4
7
se
e a
lso
card
s:
MODULAR
DESIGN
Do we design our products or
services with common building
blocks? Do we simplify our
activities by using common
building blocks?
Could we stimulate our clients to
self-assemble our products in
alternative ways? Could we
create a variety of themes with a
few common building blocks?
use simple and interchangeable
building blocks
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
12
1
2
1
4
1
0
1
1
7
see a
lso
card
s:
SUSTAINABL
E
PACKAGING
Do we need packaging? Do we
need a packaging's life-time that
is longer than its contents?
Could we use bio-materials?
Could we propose a reusable
packaging? Could we design our
packaging for alternative use after
its primary function?
use smart packaging
solutions; reduce, reuse and
recycle
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
13
1
2
7
5
4
7
se
e a
lso
card
s:
OPT FOR
REPAIRABILITY
Can our products be easily
repaired? Can our products be
updated once in use? Do we use
common building blocks that can we
easily repaired or replaced? Do we
use products/assets ourselves that
can easily be repaired?
Could we offer a service to help our
clients to repair our products
themselves in an easy way?
opt for maintenance & repair
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
14
1
2
7
1
1
1
2
7
see a
lso
card
s:
ECOLOGICAL
MATERIALS
Do we look for renewable
alternatives for the materials we
use? Do we look for material
sources that are organic? Do we
use water as primary solvent?
Could our products be
biodegradable? Could we use
local ecological materials?
use biodegradable materials
from renewable sources
ma
teri
als
&
pro
ce
ss
es
5
1
2
6
4
8
7
see a
lso
card
s:
LOCAL
SOURCING &
SUPPLY
Do we consider locally sourced
materials and resources?
Could we favour local customers
segments? Could offer complete
transparency to our customers?
Could we use local currencies for
our products or services?
work with what is
locally available
mate
rials
&
pro
cesses
6
1
2
9
1
2
1
7
see a
lso
card
s:
USE
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
Do we buy renewable or carbon neutral
energy from our energy supplier? Do
we know much a renewable energy
installation would cost?
Could we invest in a renewable energy
system? Could we cooperate with
neighbouring companies to invest in a
renewable energy system? What about
our distribution channels?
use renewable or carbon
neutral energy sources
ma
teri
als
&
pro
ce
ss
es
3
1
2
4
6
1
7
se
e a
lso
card
s:
NO TOXIC
SUBSTANCES
Do we avoid toxic substances in
our products? Do we use non-
toxic substances (cleaning
products) in our activities? Do we
comply with all relevant regulation
to reduce risks and costs?
Could we find water-based and
organic alternatives for the toxic
substances we use? Could our
partners help us?
use water as a primary
solvent for your products and
activities mate
rials
&
pro
cesses
4
1
2
8
5
9
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
REPLICATE WHAT WORKS
Have we tried something similar before? Do we know someone who has? Could we find usable examples in other regions, times or industries? How about our competitors? Could we replicate successful innovations from nature via biomimicry?
copying is learning - build today on what has been
done successfully before
bu
sin
ess
mo
de
l & o
rgan
isat
ion
25
12
20
15
28
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
USE AND VALUE DIVERSITY
Do we benefit from the diversity in skills and competences in our company or team? Do we have diversity in the people we work with like our suppliers? Do we have a diverse enough customer base? Could we diversify our product or service offerings? Could we diversify to new markets?
diversify skills for problem solving and creativity
26
12
28
27
22
bu
sin
ess
mo
de
l & o
rgan
isat
ion
7
see
als
o c
ard
s: MIMIC
BIOLOGICAL DESIGN
Do we work circular? Do we manage our activities without using toxics? Do we use local materials? Do we co co-create with our clients? How could we design from patterns to details? Could we be inspired by the design of shapes in nature for our products?
nature is a vast library of innovative and sustainable
solutions with 3.8 billion years experience in R&D
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s 17
12
12
7
1
7
see
als
o c
ard
s:
MINIMISE ENERGY & WATER USE FOR
YOUR CUSTOMERS
Do we know how much water or energy is typically used by our customers when using our products? How much does this cost them? Could we help our customers reduce their water and energy use? Could we inform them on best practices? Could we deliver a service rather than a product?
help your customers reduce water & energy consumption
pro
du
cts
& s
erv
ice
s
18
12
19
16
1
Principes liés au BMC d’Osterwalder pour co-créer
Multiples pistes pour la résilience
S’inspirer du vivant
Méthode BMY
Ecolizer 2.0
Développé par l’OVAM
Outil spécifiquement destiné aux designers/concepteurs
Compromis :
Facilité et rapidité d’utilisation
Evaluation environnementale multi étapes et multicritères (19) du matériau avec possibilité de comparaison grâce à l’emploi de la méthode du score unique.
Une couleur = une cat. de matériaux
Métaux ferreux/ non-ferreux, plastique, bois, Papier + Packaging, matériaux de constructions, produits chimique
Un matériau
Impact global de la production de chaque (sous-produit de) matériau
Une couleur = une cat. de matériaux
Métaux ferreux/ non-ferreux, plastique, bois, Papier + Packaging, matériaux de constructions, produits chimique
Un matériau
Impact global de la production de chaque (sous-produit de) matériau
Impact des procédés techniques de fabrication
Impact du recyclage
Impact du traitement en fin de vie
Eco-lizer et ACV
• Eco lizer : ACV très simplifié;
• Okala guide
• http://www.interreg-fred.eu/
• ecopact (logiciel acv gratuit)
Cradle to Cradle
Résumé des outils
• Principes de résilience (pour la co-
création);
• Whole System Design;
• Le cycle de vie en éco-conception;
• L’Ecolizer
• Cradle to Cradle
• Méthodologie Biomimétique
• Regardez les images sur la table
• Regardez ask nature si tablette et
internet.
• Consigne: concevez un casque
en tenant compte des principes
du vivant (ceux à votre
disposition)
Moment très pratique
Production Abrv. Quantité
kg
indicateur
pour 1kg Résultat
Enveloppe Polypropilene recyclable PP 0,3 276 82,8
Coque Carton 0,1 150 15
Corps Polystyrène Recyclé EPS 0,1 75 7,5
Sangles Nylon Polyamide PA 0,04 756 30,24
Peinture Laque acrylique aqueuse 0,01 205 2,05
Total hors FDV 137,59
Fin de vie
Recyclage PP PP 0,3 -251 -75,3
Traitement Nylon PA 0,04 38 1,52
Traitement EPS 0,1 40 4
Traitement Carton 0,11 20 2,2
TOTAL 70,01
Au Gramme 0,12729091
SCORE 12,7
Production Abrv. Quantité
kg
indicateur
pour 1kg Résultat
Enveloppe Polychlorure de Vinyle PVC 0,1 220 22
Corps Polystyrène EPS 0,1 384 38,4
Sangles Nylon Polyamide PA 0,04 756 30,24
Peinture Peinture Alkyde 0,01 393 3,93
Total hors FDV 94,57
Fin de vie
Recyclage EPS EPS 0,12 -363 -43,56
Traitement PVC PVC 0,13 34 4,42
Traitement Nylon PA 0,04 38 1,52
TOTAL 56,95
Au Gramme 0,2278
SCORE 22,7
CRATONI
Meteor MV23
250g
ABUS
Performance
550g
Comparatif Casques avec Ecolizer
Production Abrv. Quantité
kg
indicateur
pour 1kg Résultat
Enveloppe Polypropilene recyclable PP 0,3 276 82,8
Coque Carton 0,1 150 15
Corps Polystyrène Recyclé EPS 0,1 75 7,5
Sangles Nylon Polyamide PA 0,04 756 30,24
Peinture Laque acrylique aqueuse 0,01 205 2,05
Total hors FDV 137,59
Fin de vie
Recyclage PP PP 0,3 -251 -75,3
Traitement Nylon PA 0,04 38 1,52
Traitement EPS 0,1 40 4
Traitement Carton 0,11 20 2,2
TOTAL 70,01
Au Gramme 0,12729091
SCORE 12,7
Production Abrv. Quantité kg indicateur
pour 1kg Résultat
Enveloppe Acrylonitrile butadiène styrène ABS 0,27 431 116,37
Corps Polystyrène EPS 0,12 384 46,08
Sangles Nylon Polyamide PA 0,04 756 30,24
Peinture Peinture Alkyde 0,01 393 3,93
Total hors FDV 196,62
Fin de vie
Recyclage PP ABS 0,18 -406 -73,08
Traitement Nylon PA 0,04 38 1,52
Traitement EPS EPS 0,12 40 4,8
TOTAL 129,86
Au Gramme 0,23610909
SCORE 23,6
BERN LENNOX
440g
ABUS
Performance
550g
Comparatif Casques avec Ecolizer
Conclusions
Livres
Biomimicry 3.8
Greenloop
http://www.rmi.org/Knowledge-Center/Library/2010-15_LovinsGreenHomeCase
http://www.rmi.org/Knowledge-Center/Library/2010-10_10xEPrinciples
Références
Sur la Whole System Design
Sur le biomimétisme
• Biomimétisme en France: www.biomimicry.eu/ (beaucoup de liens sur le site de notre organisation)
• Biomimétisme aux USA: www.biomimicry.org
• Conférence J Benyus: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_GFq12w5WU&feature=relmfu
• Ressources éducatives de nos collègues américains : http://www.sustainabilityleadersnetwork.org
• Base de données Ask Nature: www.asknature.org/
• Dancing with Systems : http://www.sustainer.org/pubs/Dancing.html
Cellule éco-conception UCM www.eco-conception.be
Perrine COLLIN
02 743 83 88 [email protected]
Martin NEYS
02 743 83 98 [email protected]
Les slides seront disponibles sur
www.eco-conception.be Formation Séminaire Design biomimétique et
Durable 2
