640 BOOK REVIEWS Diana Mann shows, from an experience of the last five years, what can be expected of orthoptic training. It is valuable for convergence deficiency, heterophoria with symptoms, accommodative squint, divergence excess, and alternating hyperphoria. There are separate discussions of retro- bulbar neuritis, the ocular defects of malnutrition and of blindness in prisoners of war. An observation of angioid streaks and a pedigree of juvenile hereditary retinal detachment are reported. A survey revealed that of 38 deaf children with a history of maternal rubella, 17 had abnormally pigmented fundi and four had lens opacities. Arthur D'Ombrain presents a clarification of his earlier suggestion that there is an entity that is appropriately named traumatic monocular chronic glaucoma. It is assumed that slight trauma is enough to start a chronic sclerosing process in the ciliary region or the venous capillary bed which in time results in the progressive ocular edema that is glaucoma. Macindoe discusses the choice of operation in glaucoma. F. H. Haessler. LES PROCESSUS ANATOMIQUES DE CICATRISA- TION DES GREFFES DE CORNEE. By Jean Babel. New York and Basel, S. Karger, 1950. 63 pages, 53 figures. Price, Swiss franc, 8.20. In a brief introductory statement Babel reviews the history of corneal grafting. The two main sections of the book are devoted to experimental studies of the anatomic process of cicatrization of corneal grafts and histologic studies of human eyes. Each section is introduced by a review of findings published by other workers. The results of histologic studies of transplanted corneas in the eyes of man and animals are in a large measure concordant. When the graft remains clear, one can be sure of the survival of the lamella and cells of the stroma. The nerves of the transplant, severed from their cell body, degenerate. Their replacement from tissues of the host is not essential to the maintenance of transparency. It does not seem necessary that the graft attains completely usual structure. When, on the other hand, the graft becomes cloudy after a defective union with thick cicatrization, abnormal vascularization and adhesion of the iris, its structure is greatly altered by the elements that arise in the host. The epithelium, glassy membranes, and stromal lamellae may persist for months and years but fixed cells degenerate and are replaced by cells of the host. The elements of replacement originate from connective tissue of blood and only exceptionally from the epithelium. So far as these changes are not reactions provoked by the juxtaposition of two tissues, one must postulate unknown chemical factors the elucidation of which may clarify our understanding of the compatibilities of tissues of donor and host on which the success of grafting depends. The 53 photomicrographs are excellent. F. H. Haessler.

Les Processus Anatomiques de Cicatrisation des Greffes de Cornee

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Page 1: Les Processus Anatomiques de Cicatrisation des Greffes de Cornee

640 BOOK REVIEWS

Diana Mann shows, from an experience of the last five years, what can be expected of orthoptic training. It is valuable for convergence deficiency, heterophoria with symptoms, accommodative squint, divergence excess, and alternating hyperphoria.

There are separate discussions of retro-bulbar neuritis, the ocular defects of malnutrition and of blindness in prisoners of war. An observation of angioid streaks and a pedigree of juvenile hereditary retinal detachment are reported.

A survey revealed that of 38 deaf children with a history of maternal rubella, 17 had abnormally pigmented fundi and four had lens opacities.

Arthur D'Ombrain presents a clarification of his earlier suggestion that there is an entity that is appropriately named traumatic monocular chronic glaucoma. It is assumed that slight trauma is enough to start a chronic sclerosing process in the ciliary region or the venous capillary bed which in time results in the progressive ocular edema that is glaucoma. Macindoe discusses the choice of operation in glaucoma.

F. H. Haessler.

LES PROCESSUS ANATOMIQUES DE CICATRISATION DES GREFFES DE CORNEE. By Jean Babel. New York and Basel, S. Karger, 1950. 63 pages, 53 figures. Price, Swiss franc, 8.20. In a brief introductory statement Babel

reviews the history of corneal grafting. The two main sections of the book are devoted

to experimental studies of the anatomic process of cicatrization of corneal grafts and histologic studies of human eyes. Each section is introduced by a review of findings published by other workers.

The results of histologic studies of transplanted corneas in the eyes of man and animals are in a large measure concordant. When the graft remains clear, one can be sure of the survival of the lamella and cells of the stroma. The nerves of the transplant, severed from their cell body, degenerate. Their replacement from tissues of the host is not essential to the maintenance of transparency. It does not seem necessary that the graft attains completely usual structure.

When, on the other hand, the graft becomes cloudy after a defective union with thick cicatrization, abnormal vascularization and adhesion of the iris, its structure is greatly altered by the elements that arise in the host. The epithelium, glassy membranes, and stromal lamellae may persist for months and years but fixed cells degenerate and are replaced by cells of the host.

The elements of replacement originate from connective tissue of blood and only exceptionally from the epithelium. So far as these changes are not reactions provoked by the juxtaposition of two tissues, one must postulate unknown chemical factors the elucidation of which may clarify our understanding of the compatibilities of tissues of donor and host on which the success of grafting depends.

The 53 photomicrographs are excellent. F. H. Haessler.