France, de la liste de psychologues figurant diins l’lnfernalionul Direc- torg of Psychologists, prepare pour la National Academy of Sciences par un comitC preside par E. BORING et publi6 en 1958 sous lu direction de JACOBSON et DUIJKER. Elle fait partie de 1’Union internationale de Psycho- logie scientifique et participe aux CongrEs internntionaiix et uux diverses actirites de l’vnion.

Sur le plan national, si la Sociktd franqaise de Psychologie ne groupc pas encore l’ensemble des psychologues, son ddveloppement considkrablc au cours des dernibres ann6es augmente de plus en plus son influencc parmi eux. Par ses exigences sur le plan du recrutement, par la qualitb scientifique de ses travaux, elle exerce line action efficace en faveur d’unc qualification accrue, qui, tlkpassant ses seuls niernbres, iitteint l’ensemble de le profession.

LA PSYCHOLOGIE APPLIQUGE AU BRESIL

L n Psychologie appliqude duns I’Etat de Sao Paulo, par le Pr Oswaldo de Barros Santos, Professeur de Psychologie du Travail de 1’Unirer- site catholique de Sao Paulo.

Les travaux de psychologie appliquee ont debut6 au Br6sil avec les premieres experiences de Roberto MANGE, en 1924, au Lycee des Arts et Metiers h Sao Paulo. Cet ingdnieur qui avait commence ses etudes de psy- chologie industrielle en Europe, a tent6 d’introduire les premieres m6- thodes de selection et d’orientation professionnelles pour les apprentis. En ce temps-1P il pouvait compter sur les conseils kclaires de M. et hP* PI~RON.

Cette petite cellule d’actiriti psychotechnique se montra e x t r h e - ment utile au point de susciter l’intbrkt de quelques psychologues, kdu- cateurs, medecins et ingenieurs. Les premiers articles sur la matiere apparurent et d’autres tentatires purement experimentales parvinrent h obtenir un certain succbs.

Durant la periode de 1931 h 1935 commencent les applications mul- tiples de la psychologie, entre autres au Service d‘enseignement et de selection des chemins de fer de la Sorocabana, crCC h cette 6poque. et plus tard au Centre ferroviaire d’enseignement et de selection profes- sionnelle, institution extraordinaire qui rassembla direrses compagnies de chemins de fer dans le but de donner des cours professionnels aux futurs apprentis. Ce programme prevoyait des dpreuves psychotechniques de selection et des recherches de nature psychologique pour l’orienta- tion professionnelle des eleves. D’autres selections furent opCrCes, telles que pour ingenieurs. Pour la premiere fois le test de Rorschach fut in- troduit dans ce genre de travail.

La psychotechnique prit un grand Clan de 1936 6 1940 par la crea- tion du premier cabinet de psychotechnique dans une Ccole profession- nelle publique, 1’Institut professionnel masculin, 1’Ecole technique < Ge- tulio Vargas s, et principalement par I’application et l’introduction du systerne selectif pour le personnel non-industriel. Sous citons comme

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in this connection it assisted, some years ago, in compiling the French section of the list of psychologists in the International Directory of Psy- chologists, which was prepared for the National Academy of Sciences by a committee under the chairmanship of E. BORING and published in 1958 under the direction of JACOBSON and DUIJKER. It belongs to the International Union of Scientific Psychology, and takes part in its inter- national congresses and i n the various activities of the Union.

From the national point of view, if the French Psychological So- ciety does not yet include all psychologists in its membership, neverthe- less the considerable development which it has undergone in recent years makes it an ever-growing influence among them. Because of its recruit- ment standards and the scientific quality of its work, it stimulates the desire for higher qualifications, and this affects not only its own mem- bers but the profession ns n whole.

APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY IN BRAZIL

A p p l i e d Psychology in t h e State of Sao Paulo, by Prof. Oswaldo de BARROS SANTOS. Professor of Psychology of Work at the Catholic University of Sao Paulo.

Activity in the field of applied psychology began in Brazil with the first experiments of Roberto MANGE, in 1924, at the College of Technology at Sao Paulo. This engineer, who had begun his study of industrial psy- chology in Europe, attempted to introduce the first methods of voca- tional selection and guidance for apprentices. In those days he had nt his disposal the enlightened advice of 31. and W e PI~RON.

This tiny unit of applied psychology proved to be extremely useful in arousing the interest of some psychologists, educationists, medical practitioners and engineers. The first articles on the work were publis- hed and other purely experimental projects achieved a certain amount of success.

During the period 1931 to 1935 numerous activities i n the field of psychology were begun, among others those undertaken in the training and selection department of the railways of Sorocabnna, created at that time, and later on in the railways' training and vocational selection Cen- tre, a special institution in which various railway companies collabo- rated in order to give vocational training courses to would-be appren- tices. This programme provided for psychological selection tests and research of a psychological nature into vocational guidance for pupils. Other selection procedures were conducted, for instance for engineering positions. For the first time the Rorschach test was introduced into this type of work.

Applied psychology took a great step forward from 1936 to 1940 by means of the establishment of the first unit of applied psychology in u public vocational training school, the vocational Institute for boys, the "Getulio Vargas" Technical School, and above all by means of the appli- cation and introduction of selection methods for non-industrial staff. As

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