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    Metrical inscriptions and P.CtYBR inv 4000: Contextualizing a late antique anthology

    Gianfranco Agosti ([email protected]) I. Indentation, titles, headings I.1

    Dans nos ditions, lusage est de faire commencer en retrait le pentamtre, qui est plus court que lhexamtre. La pratique est ancienne, mais les inscriptions, pour les pigrammes, et les papyrus dpoque ptolmaque ne paraissent pas la connatre (J. Irigoin, Livre et texte dans les manuscrits byzantins de potes: continuit et innovation, in C. Questa/R. Raffaelli [eds.], Il libro e il testo, Urbino 1984, 87-102: 88; see also La mise en page des uvres potiques dans le livre grec de lAntiquit la fin du Moyen ge, in J. Lemaire/. van Banberghe [eds.], Calames et cahiers. Mlanges de codicologie et de palographie offerts L. Gilissen, Bruxelles 1985, 79-87)

    I.2 on indentation in papyri and inscriptions:

    > A.M. Morelli, Lepigramma latino prima di Catullo, Cassino 2000; P. Kruschwitz, Patterns of Text Layout in Pompeian Verse Inscriptions, Studia Philologica Valentina 11, 2008, 225-264; M. Massaro, Limpaginazione delle iscrizioni latine metriche e affettive, Rend. Pont. Acc. Arch. 85, 2012-13, 365-414 [Latin inscriptions] > J. Lougovaya, Indented Pentameters in Papyri and Inscriptions, in Actes du 26e Congrs international de papyrologie, Genve 2010, 437-444; V. Garulli, Stones As Books: The Layout of Hellenistic Inscribed Poems, in A.M. Harder et al. (eds.), Hellenistic Poetry in Context. Hellenistica Groningana 2006, Leuven 2013, [Hellenistic and Imperial inscriptions] > G. Agosti, Eisthesis, divisione dei versi, percezione dei cola negli epigrammi epigrafici in et tardoantica, Segno&Testo 8, 2010, 67-98; Wilkinson 2012, 22 [Late antique inscriptions] Examples: Gallus papyrus (MP3 2924.1; LDAB 574; TM 59474; dia 3); P.Oxy. XV 1975 (I CE, acrostic epigrams)

    I.3 inscriptions as books la pierre est grave limitation de lcriture dun manuscrit. On remarquera que les pentamtres sont gravs soigneusement en retrait (L. Robert, Hellenica XI-XII, Paris 1960, 588 e n. 4 on GVI 874 = SGO 05/01/36; Smyrna, II CE Peek or II/I BC Robert) 4 Examples in A. Wilhelm, Die lokrische Madcheninschrift, JAI 14, 1911, 163-256: 249-256; J. Mallon, Les bronzes dOsuna, AEA 56, 1944, 213-37 Garulli 2013 on SGO 21/05/01 (Gaza, III BC) > Cf. L. Del Corso, Scritture epigrafiche e scritture su papiro in et ellenistico-romana. Spunti per un confronto, in A. Bravo Garca, I. Prez Martn (eds.), The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon: Three Hundred Years of Studies on Greek Handwriting. Proceedings of the VII colloquio internacional de paleografa griega, Turnhout 2010, 3-16 (p. 10: in molte iscrizioni si pu riscontrare la presenza di segni diacritici desunti dalle pratiche librarie e documentarie, come in particolare la paragraphos, la dipl, la coronide)

    I.4 I. Mtr. 22 (II CE?) 5; I. Mtr. 15 (the second part of the hex is indented) 6 Late Antique examples of a) false couplets: SGO 10/06/07, SGO 20/06/10, 7, 8 b) epigraphic layout imitating books: Eudocia inscription for Hammat Gader SGO 21/22/01 [ed. pr. J. Green-Y. Tsafrir, Greek Inscriptions from Hammat Gader: a Poem by the Empress Eudocia and Two Building Inscriptions, IEJ 32, 182, 77-96; Busch, Versus balnearum, 84-98; B. Sowers, Eudocia: The Making of a Homeric Christian, diss. Univ. of Cincinnati, 2008, 26-40] 9

    I.5 titles: e.g. Trimithiss epigrams (R. Cribiore P. Davoli D.M. Ratzan, JRA 21, 2008, 171-191) 11 I.6 headings

    In anthologies: F. Pordomingo, Antologa de poca Helenstica en papiro, Firenze 2013; P.Heid. I 187 (250 BC) = 31 P. (distinguishing tragic and comic texts); P.Ross.Georg. I 9 (II BC:? = 17 P. (two Euripides passages); P. Petrie F 134 (III BC) = 22 P. (two epigrams); P.Didot verso col. IV.10 (II BC) = 38 P. (two Posidippus epigrams) In Hellenistic inscriptions: M. Fantuzzi, La doppia gloria di Menas (e di Filostrato), in A.M. Morelli (ed.), Epigramma Longum. Da Marziale alla tarda antichit, Cassino 2008, 603-622; Id., Typologies of Variation on a Theme in Archaic and Calssical Metrical Inscriptions, in M. Baumbach, A. Petrovic, I. Petrovic (eds.), Archaic and Classical Greek Epigram, Cambridge 2010, 289-310 13

    I.7 grouping epigrams in inscriptions

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    Au Bas-Empire il nest pas rare que lon tienne graver deux ou trois pigrammes sur un monument cest le plaisir dentendre des variations sur un mme thme, ce plaisir si manifeste chez les auteurs de lAnthologie et donc, il faut le supposer, plaisir got par leurs lecteurs et leurs patrons (Robert 1948, 81-82) Examples: Aphrodisias (III CE: A. Petrovic, M. Skountakis, P. DeStaebler, ZPE 172, 2010, 38-42; 14); Athens (IV/V CE: LSA 136, 15); Megara, three funerary epigrams for a noble young (IV CE: GVI 1903); Hypaipa (Lydia, 405-410: LSA 240, 16), epigrams separated by vacat GVI 1907 = SEG 34.1003 (IV/V CE, 17) without any distinction: cf. T.Kellis inv. D/2/46 (325-375 ca.), with indentation but without distinction (if we should recognize two separate poems in the codex) (18-19) SGO 01/20/16 = Busch 154-185, end of III CE (epigrams separated by and hederae (20)

    I.8 a[llo I.Mtr 33 (Herakleopolis Magna, III BC) 21; GVI 1996 (22)

    C. Bost-Pouderon M. Sartre, Un marchand dpigrammes Maaga de Batane (Syrie), ZPE 160 (2007), 51-58; SEG 57.1880: triple-epigram for Avitus (23-24) separated by e{teron ejpivgramma Later examples: epigrams on Ps.-Dion. Areop. (= Vassis, Initia carm. Byz., 5 and 573) in epigraphische Auszeichnungs-majuskel in ms. Conv. Soppr. 202 (IX), f. IIv, 25

    II.Content II.1 The epigram (Palladas AP 9.393) montre lenvers des loges pour les hauts fonctionnaires et persifle la fois lloge de lintgrit et celui de la douceur Robert (Hellenica IV, 1948, 40) discussing SGO 04/02/06 = LSA 654 II.2 p. 6.22-29 ] c [c ] ] c[ ] [ ] [ ] ] c cc [ ] ] [] c[ ] [ ] c ]c c []c ] ]c

    Menander Rhetor p. 166 RW, 416.8 Sp. , , , , , , Under justice you should include humanity to subjects, gentleness of character and approachability, integrity and incorruptibility in matters of justice, freedom form partiality and from prejudice in living judicial decisions, equal treatment of rich and poor, encouragement of city development. In this division Aristides, Phocion and those Roman heroes who are celebrated in history for justice, should have a place

    II.3 p. 5.16-25 [ ] c c [ ] c [ [ ] [ ] [ ] [ c c [ [c ] [ c [ c [ [ c c c [ c c [

    John Chrysostom, On Vainglory 4, 67-84 Malingrey , , . , , . , . , , , , , ,

    The theater is filling up, and all the people are sitting aloft presenting a splendid sight and composed of numberless faces, so that many times the very rafters and roof above are hidden by human bodies. You can see neither tiles nor stones, but all is mens bodies and faces. Then, as the ambitious man who has brought them together enters in the sight of all, they stand up and as from a single mouth cry out. All with one voice call him protector and ruler of their common city and stretch out their hands in salutation. Next, betweenwhiles they liken him to the greatest of rivers, comparing his

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    grand and lavish munificence to the copious waters of the Nile; and they call him the Nile of gifts. Others, flattering him still more and thinking the simile of the Nile too mean, reject rivers and seas; and they instance the Ocean and say that he in his lavish gifts is what Ocean is among the waters, and they leave not a word of praise unsaid. (transl. M.W. Laistner in Christianity and Pagan Culture in the Later Roman Empire, 1951) See also P.Oxy I 41 (300 CE; TM 31338; n 239 Hunt/Edgar, Select Papyri) with E. Peterson, RhM 1929, 221-3 II.4 p. 7.2 ]to;n Agrellavdion Socrates, HE 5.16.9 and 17 p. 290.15-17 and 28-29 Hansen (Helladius and Ammonios escaped from Alexandria together with other pagans, kata; ta; povlei merizovmenoi; Helladius parav tiin hu[cei, wJ ejnneva ei[h a[ndra ejn th/` sumplhgavdi foneuva). II.5 p. 16.15-19 W. [ca 30] Faevqonta [ca. 23] par Hridanw/ [ca. 25]na kai; su; dajdelfo;n [ca. 21] ..n oijcovmenon [ca. 21] itooi eij ga;r ejgeivrw

    GVI 2000 = SGO 21/07/02 26 Qeiodovtou pavi>~ eijmi; Gewvrgio~: ajllav me Moi'ra e[sbesen ejn neovthti, govon d ajpevleipa tokh'i> kai; qeivw/ meqevpeita, o{~ m e[trefen ejsqla; didavxa~. vacat a[llw~ to;n glukero;n cariventa Gewvrgion hju?te luvcnon e[sbese Moi'r ojloh; pinuto;n pai?n, a[gci de; pavmpou kei'tai nevo~ Faevqwn Elikwvnio~: o}~ geneth'ri kai; qeivw/ meqevpeita govon poluvdakrun ajfh'ken. ijnd(iktiw'no~) ibV. vac. ejt(w'n) ihV. cr oJ C(risto;)~ ajnapauvsh/ se, ojrfanev mou.

    III Lenght p. 12.28-31 = AP 9.127 III.1 I. Achae II 37 Rizakis = SEG 13.277 = LSA 431 (IV/V CE) [J.Bingen, BCH 78, 1954, 74-88; A.D.Rizakis, Achae II. La cit de Patras: pigraphie et histoire, Athnes 1998] 27 c c c c c cc c [] c c cc. cc c c c c 5 c c c , c cc cc c c c c c c c c cc c c c c , 10 c c [ c] c c c cc c c 15 c c c c c . c c, cc c, cc 20 2 l. cc 3 : l. . 11 lapis: Bingen 13 c: l. c 15 (and 17) c: l. .

    (1-4) This is the offspring of the glorious race of Pelops, the descendant of Oxylos, Basilius. He bears the same name as his father, a righteous and prudent man, obedient to the divine will, who has offered him to the inhabitants as the sole quinquennial magistrate. (5-7) Despite being alone, he achieved by his decisions everything that is meet and right for men to accomplish within a city, with the consent of an excellently wise council. (8-9) During an entire year, continuously, he acquired the favour of all the inhabitants and of the foreigners likewise, by his care for the baths. (9-11) He also gave receptions to men in his great house, rewarding them at length with banquets, gold and clothes. (11-14) To the council which ministers justice, and to the people he gave from his own lands ten thousand measures of the Eleusinian corn which Demeter who cultivates ears of corn let grow from the slopes in wide-spaced (area of) Pisa. (15-16) He offered seventy thousand measures of honey-sweet wine, product of holy Argyre; (16-17) furthermore eleven thousand (units) of gleaming olive oil (he provided) for the inhabitants. (18-20) Those who praise him in his great house all day long, everyone (of them) rewarding him with gifts of honour, set up a stone (= marble) statue of striking likeness of him (transl. by U. Gehn [and T. Poiss and E. Sironen], modified)

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    III.2 AP 9.704 Thvkei kai; pevtrhn oJ polu; crovno: ajll ajretavwn Aklhpiodovtou to; klevo ajqavnaton, o{a kai; oi|a povren gevra patrivdi: toi' ejpi; pa'i kai; tovde metreivqw koino;n e[reima qovlou. koi`lon P

    ala2004.53 = LSA 226 28 ] () , [] [.] , [] [.] -- [] , [] [.]

    The light of virtue shines even for dead men, who, undertaking many labours for their country, established general benefits. The saying fits Asclepiodotus, for whom this city has dedicated this statue as for a founder. Long time wears away even stone; but the fame of Asclepiodotus' virtues is immortal, the number and kind of privileges which he obtained for his country. In addition to all these, let this adjacent structure of the vaulted chamber be counted as well (transl. Rouch) IV Variants IV.1 AP 10.87

    An mh; gelw'men to;n bivon to;n drapevthn Tuvchn te povrnh rJeuvmain kinoumevnhn, ojduvnhn eJautoi' proxenou'men pavntote ajnaxivou oJrw'nte eujtucetevrou.

    povrnh Pb

    If we do not laugh at life the runaway, and Fortune the trumpet shifting with the current, we cause ourselves constant pain seeing the unworthy luckier than ourselves (transl. Paton)

    IEph 456.2 = SGO 03/02/46 (IV CE) , If we do not catch the runaway life with drinking, luxury, and bathing, we cause ourselves constant pain, as we see others undeservingly being happier than we.

    On 10.87 see Zerwes, Palladas 91-93; Cameron, CQ 15, 1965, 226-229; Laurens ad loc. (ed. PUF, 62-63). On the graffito Busch, Versus balnearum 532 ( volkstmliche Variant); A. Chaniotis, Moving Stones. The Study of Emotions in Greek Inscriptions, in Id. (ed.), Unveiling Emotions, Stuttgart 2012, 99 Cf. also AP 10.58 = SGO 17/12/02 (Kastellorizo, Lykia), on which V. Garulli, Bylos lainee. Epigrafia, letteratura, epitafio, Bologna 2012, 120-107 V Some provisional conclusions invective and satire in IV century: G. Agosti, Late Antique Iambics and iambik ida, in A. Aloni/A. Barchiesi/A. Cavarzere (eds.), Iambic Ideas. Essays on a Poetic Tradition from Archaic Greece to the Late Roman Empire, Lanham-Boulder-New York-London, 2001, 217-254; R. Cribiore, Libanius the Sophist. Rhetoric, Reality, and Religion in the Fourth Century, Ithaca and London 2013, 76-131 scoptic epigram as an alternative voice to laudatory verse inscriptions Bibliography on the Yale codex P. CtYBR inv. 4000 qua = 1333 MP3; 145316 LDAB (images: http://brbl-legacy.library.yale.edu/papyrus/oneSET.asp?pid=4000%20qua) K.W. Wilkinson, New Epigrams of Palladas: A Fragmentary Papyrus Codex (P. CtYBR inv. 4000), Durham 2012 (ASP 52) [R. Ast, BMCR 2014.02.23; L. Floridi, CJ-Online 2014.04.07] Abbreviations ala2004 = Ch. Rouech, Aphrodisias in Late Antiquity 2nd edition (http://insaph.kcl.ac.uk) GVI = W. Peek, Griechische Vers-Inschriften, Berlin 1955 [cfr. L. Robert, Gnomon 31, 1959, 1-30] I. Mtr. = . Bernand, Inscriptions mtriques de l'gypte grco-romaine, Paris 1969 LSA = Last statues of Antiquity (http://laststatues.classics.ox.ac.uk/) SEG= Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum SGO = R. Merkelbach-J. Stauber, Steinepigramme aus dem griechischen Osten, I-V, Stuttgart-Leipzig-Mnchen 1998-2004